//======================================================
// java Termodinamik paketi
// Class sogut soğutma akışkanların özellikleri
// Dr. Turhan Coban
// Ege Üniversitesi Mühendislik fakultesi
// Makina Bölümü
// 
//======================================================
// Dosya adı   : sogut.java
// Bu dosya soğutucu akışkanların termodinamik özelliklerini 
// Martin-Hou hal denklemiyle hesaplar
// 
// =====================================================
// P : pressure as a function of temperature and specific volume
//     equation of state
// Pi : pressure as a function of temperature and specific volume
//      also predict saturation presure if the volume in saturation region
// dPdv : derivative of P with respect to v
// dPdt : derivative of P with respect to t
// property : method to calculate several thermodynamic properties
// u  : internal energy as a function of t and v
// h  : enthalpy as a function of t and v
// s  : entropy as a function of t and v
// Ps    : saturated vapor pressure as a function of T
// Ts    : saturated vapor temperature as a function of T
// vsl_t :saturated liquid specific volume as a function of T
// vsg_t :saturated vapor specific volume as a function of T
// v_tp  : specific volume as a function of T and v
// v_th  : specific volume as a function of T and h
// v_tu  : specific volume as a function of T and u
// v_tx  : specific volume as a function of T and x
// v_ts  : specific volume as a function of T and s
// t_pv  : temperature as a function of pressure and specific volume
// t_ph  : temperature as a function of pressure and enthalpy
// t_pu  : temperature as a function of pressure and internal energy
// t_ps  : temperature as a function of pressure and internal entropy
// x_tv : quality as a function of temperature and specific volume
// toString : result output through a string variable

import java.io.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.util.*;

class sogut
{
boolean SI=true;   //switch for SI/EN units
public sogutData rd;
final String u[]={"SI","EN"};
String unit=u[0];
//=======constroctors=======
public sogut()
{ readsogut("R22");}

public sogut(String rName)
{ readsogut(rName);}

public String readGasNames()
{ String s1=rd.refrigerantName;String s2=readsogut("null");readsogut(s1);return s2;}
//property calculation methods===========
public double[] property_EN(String s, double v1, double v2)
{
if(s.charAt(0)=='t') v1=(v1-32.0)/1.8;
else if(s.charAt(0)=='p') v1/=145.04;
else if(s.charAt(0)=='v') v1/=16.01877892;
if(s.charAt(1)=='t') v2=(v2-32)/1.8;
else if(s.charAt(1)=='p') v2/=14.504;
else if(s.charAt(1)=='v') v2/=16.01877892;
else if(s.charAt(1)=='h') v2/=0.42992;
else if(s.charAt(1)=='u') v2/=0.42992;
else if(s.charAt(1)=='s') v2/=0.2388444444;
double pp[]=property_SI(s,v1,v2);
pp[0]*=145.04;
pp[1]=pp[1]*1.8+32;
pp[2]*=16.01877892;
pp[3]*=0.42992;
pp[4]*=0.42992;
pp[5]*=0.2388444444;
pp[7]=1.0/pp[2];
return pp;
}

public double[] property_SI(String s, double v1, double v2)
{
//---- cases of String s --------
//    tv tp th tu ts tx
// pv    pt ph pu ps px
// vp    vt

//---- Exit properties ---------
// r[0] P Pressure MPa
// r[1] t temperature degree C
// r[2] v specific volume m^3/kg
// r[3] h KJ/kg 
// r[4] u KJ/kg
// r[5] s KJ/kgK
// r[6] x kg vapor/kg total phase
// r[7] ro density kg/m^3

double[] r=new double[8];
char s1=s.charAt(0);
char s2=s.charAt(1);
r[6]=x_tv(v1,v2);
if(s.equals("tv")) //tv case
{
 r[6]=x_tv(v1,v2);
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[0]=Ps(v1);
   double vsl=vsl_t(v1);
   double vsg=vsg_t(v1);
   r[3]=h(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(v1,vsl)*r[6];
   r[4]=u(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ u(v1,vsl)*r[6];
   r[5]=s(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ s(v1,vsl)*r[6];
 }
 else
 { r[0]=P(v1,v2);
   r[3]=h(v1,v2);
   r[4]=u(v1,v2);
   r[5]=s(v1,v2);
 }
   r[1]=v1;
   r[2]=v2;
} //end of tv case
else if(s.equals("pv"))  // pv case
{
 r[6]=x_pv(v1,v2);
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[1]=Ts(v1);
   double vsl=vsl_t(r[1]);
   double vsg=vsg_t(r[1]);
   r[3]=h(r[1],vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(r[1],vsl)*r[6];
   r[4]=u(r[1],vsl)*(1-r[6])+ u(r[1],vsl)*r[6];
   r[5]=s(r[1],vsl)*(1-r[6])+ s(r[1],vsl)*r[6];
 }
 else
 {
   r[1]=t_pv(v1,v2);
   r[3]=h(r[1],v2);
   r[4]=u(r[1],v2);
   r[5]=s(r[1],v2);
 }
  r[0]=v1;
  r[2]=v2;
} //end of pv case
else if(s.equals("tp")) //tp case
{
   r[0]=v2;
   r[1]=v1;
   r[2]=v_tp(v1,v2);
   r[3]=h(r[1],r[2]);
   r[4]=u(r[1],r[2]);
   r[5]=s(r[1],r[2]);
   r[6]=x_tv(r[1],r[2]);
} //end of tp case
else if(s.equals("th"))
{
 double hsl=h(v1,vsl_t(v1));
 double hsg=h(v1,vsg_t(v1));
 double vth=v_th(v1,v2);
   r[0]=P(v1,vth);
   r[1]=v1;
   r[2]=vth;
   r[3]=v2;
   r[4]=u(v1,vth);
   r[5]=s(v1,vth);
   r[6]=x_tv(v1,r[2]);
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[0]=Ps(v1);
   r[1]=v1;
   double vsl=vsl_t(v1);
   double vsg=vsg_t(v1);
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=v2;
   r[4]=h(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(v1,vsg)*r[6];
   r[5]=s(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ s(v1,vsg)*r[6];
  }
} //end of th case
else if(s.equals("tu"))
{
   double vtu=v_tu(v1,v2);
   r[0]=P(v1,vtu);
   r[1]=v1;
   r[2]=vtu;
   r[3]=h(v1,vtu);
   r[4]=v2;
   r[5]=s(v1,vtu);
   r[6]=x_tv(v1,r[2]);
   if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
   {
      r[0]=Ps(v1);
      r[1]=v1;
      double vsl=vsl_t(v1);
      double vsg=vsg_t(v1);
      r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
      r[3]=h(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(v1,vsg)*r[6];
      r[4]=v2;
      r[5]=s(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ s(v1,vsg)*r[6];
  }
} // end of tu case
else if(s.equals("ts"))
{
   double vts=v_ts(v1,v2);
   r[0]=P(v1,vts);
   r[1]=v1;
   r[2]=v_ts(v1,v2);
   r[3]=h(v1,vts);
   r[4]=u(v1,vts);
   r[5]=v2;
   r[6]=x_tv(v1,r[2]);
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[0]=Ps(v1);
   double vsl=vsl_t(v1);
   double vsg=vsg_t(v1);
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=h(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(v1,vsg)*r[6];
   r[4]=u(v1,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ u(v1,vsg)*r[6];
 }

} //end of ts case
else if(s.equals("tx"))
{
   r[6]=v2;
   r[0]=Ps(v1);
   r[1]=v1;
   double hl=hsl_t(v1);
   double hg=hsg_t(v1);
   double vsl=vsl_t(v1);
   double vsg=vsg_t(v1);
   double ul=hl-r[0]*1e3*vsl;
   double ug=hg-r[0]*1e3*vsg;
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=hl*(1-r[6])+ hg*r[6];
   r[4]=ul*(1-r[6])+ ug*r[6];
   r[5]=ssl_t(v1)*(1-r[6])+ ssg_t(v1)*r[6];
} //end of tx case
else if(s.equals("vt"))
{
 r=property_SI("tv",v2,v1);
} //end of vt case
else if(s.equals("vp"))
{
 r=property_SI("pv",v2,v1);
} //end of vp case
else if(s.equals("pt"))
{
 r=property_SI("tp",v2,v1);
} //end of tp case
else if(s.equals("ph"))
{
 double ts=Ts(v1);
 double vsl=vsl_t(ts);
 double vsg=vsg_t(ts);
 double hsl=h(ts,vsl);
 double hsg=h(ts,vsg);
 double vph=v_ph(v1,v2);
   r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=t_ph(v1,v2);
   r[2]=vph;
   r[3]=v2;
   r[4]=u(r[1],vph);
   r[5]=s(r[1],vph);
   if( v1 < rd.Pc)
   { r[6]=(v2-hsl)/(hsg-hsl);}
   else r[6]=3;
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=ts;
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=v2;
   r[4]=u(ts,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ u(ts,vsg)*r[6];
   r[5]=s(ts,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ s(ts,vsg)*r[6];
  }
} //end of ph case
else if(s.equals("pu"))
{
 double ts=Ts(v1);
 double vsl=vsl_t(ts);
 double vsg=vsg_t(ts);
 double usl=u(ts,vsl);
 double usg=u(ts,vsg);
 double vpu=v_pu(v1,v2);
   r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=t_pu(v1,v2);
   r[2]=vpu;
   r[3]=h(r[1],r[2]);
   r[4]=v2;
   r[5]=s(r[1],r[2]);
   if( v1 < rd.Pc)
   { r[6]=(v2-usl)/(usg-usl);}
   else r[6]=3;
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=ts;
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=h(ts,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(ts,vsg)*r[6];
   r[4]=v2;
   r[5]=s(ts,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ s(ts,vsg)*r[6];
  }
} //end of pu case
else if(s.equals("ps"))
{
 double ts=Ts(v1);
 double vsl=vsl_t(ts);
 double vsg=vsg_t(ts);
 double ssl=s(ts,vsl);
 double ssg=s(ts,vsg);
 double vps=v_ps(v1,v2);
   r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=t_ps(v1,v2);
   r[2]=vps;
   r[3]=h(r[1],r[2]);
   r[4]=u(r[1],r[2]);
   r[5]=v2;
   if( v1 < rd.Pc)
   { r[6]=(v2-ssl)/(ssg-ssl);}
   else r[6]=3;
 if(r[6]>=0 && r[6]<=1)
 { r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=ts;
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=h(ts,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ h(ts,vsg)*r[6];
   r[4]=u(ts,vsl)*(1-r[6])+ u(ts,vsg)*r[6];
   r[5]=v2;
  }
} //end of ps case
else if(s.equals("px"))
{
   r[6]=v2;
   double ts=Ts(v1);
   r[0]=v1;
   r[1]=ts;
   double hl=hsl_t(ts);
   double hg=hsg_t(ts);
   double vsl=vsl_t(ts);
   double vsg=vsg_t(ts);
   double ul=hl-r[0]*1e3*vsl;
   double ug=hg-r[0]*1e3*vsg;
   r[2]=vsl*(1-r[6])+ vsg*r[6];
   r[3]=hl*(1-r[6])+ hg*r[6];
   r[4]=ul*(1-r[6])+ ug*r[6];
   r[5]=ssl_t(v1)*(1-r[6])+ ssg_t(v1)*r[6];
} //end of px case
r[7]=1.0/r[2];
return r;
}

public double[] property(String s, double v1, double v2)
{
if(unit.equals(u[0])) return property_SI(s,v1,v2);
else                 return property_EN(s,v1,v2);
}
// ===== Equation of State P(t,v) =======
public double P(double t, double v)
{
//basic equation of state	
double T=t+273.15;
double V=v*rd.M;
double pi;
double gamma=rd.K*T/rd.Tc;
double kk=rd.u*V;
double eg=Math.exp(-gamma);
pi=rd.R*T/(V-rd.b);
double mult=(V-rd.b);
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
{mult*=(V-rd.b); pi+=(rd.A[i]+rd.B[i]*T+rd.C[i]*eg)/mult;}
if(kk < 200) {
	double euV=Math.exp(rd.u*V);
    double euV1;
    if(rd.CP==0) euV1=euV;
    else euV1=euV*(1+rd.CP*euV);
    pi+=(rd.A[5]+rd.B[5]*T+rd.C[5]*eg)/euV1;
             }
return pi;
}

double Pi(double t, double v)
{
if(vsl_t(t)<=v && v>=vsg_t(t)) {return Ps(t);}
return P(t,v);
}

//==== derivatives of equation of state ====
public double dPdT(double t, double v)
{
//derivative of equation of state dP/dT	
double T=t+273.15;
double V=v*rd.M;
double kk=rd.u*V;
double pi;
double gamma=rd.K*T/rd.Tc;
double ga=rd.K/rd.Tc;
double eg=Math.exp(-gamma);
pi=rd.R/(V-rd.b);
double mult=(V-rd.b);
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
{mult*=(V-rd.b); pi+=(rd.B[i]-ga*rd.C[i]*eg)/mult;}
if(kk < 200) {
	double euV=Math.exp(rd.u*V);
    double euV1;
    if(rd.CP==0) euV1=euV;
    else euV1=euV*(1+rd.CP*euV);
    pi+=(rd.B[5]*T-rd.C[5]*ga*eg)/euV1;
             }
return pi;
}

public  double dPdV1(double t,double x)
{
// numerically calculated dP/dv
double h0=0.0256;
int i,m;
int n=7;
//derivative of a simple function
double T[][];
T=new double[n][n];
double h[];
h=new double[n];
//vector<double> h(n,0);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
  h[i]=0;
  for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
    T[i][j]=0;
}
h[0]=h0;
double r=0.5;
for( i=1;i<n;i++)
{
h[i]=h0*Math.pow(r,i);
}

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
T[i][0]=( P(t,(x + h[i])) - P(t,( x - h[i])))/(2.0*h[i]);
}
for(m=1;m<n;m++)
{
  for(i=0;i<n-m;i++)
  {
  T[i][m]=(h[i]*h[i]*T[i+1][m-1] - h[i+m]*h[i+m]*T[i][m-1])/
          (h[i]*h[i]- h[i+m]*h[i+m]);
  }
}
double xx=T[0][n-1];
return xx;
}
public double dPdV(double t, double v)
{
//derivative of equation of state		
double T=t+273.15;
double V=v*rd.M;
double pi;
double gamma=rd.K*T/rd.Tc;
double kk=rd.u*V;
double eg=Math.exp(-gamma);
double mult=(V-rd.b)*(V-rd.b);
pi=-rd.R*T/mult;
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
{mult*=(V-rd.b); pi-=(rd.A[i]+rd.B[i]*T+rd.C[i]*eg)*(double)(i+1)/mult;}
if(kk < 200) {
	double euV=Math.exp(rd.u*V);
    double euV1;
    if(rd.CP==0) euV1=euV;
    else euV1=euV*(1+2.0*rd.CP*euV);
    pi+=(rd.A[5]+rd.B[5]*T+rd.C[5]*eg)/euV1;
             }
return pi*rd.M;
}

// ======= v relations==========
public double v_tp(double t,double Pi)
{
//specific volume as a function of temperature and pressure	
// x in f(x)=0 given also df(x)/dx 
// Newton - Raphson type method 
double T=t+273.15;
double x=(T*rd.R/Pi+rd.b)/rd.M;
int nmax=500;
double tolerance=1.0e-10;
double fx,dfx;
for(int i=0;i<nmax;i++)
{
fx=P(t,x)-Pi;
dfx=dPdV(t,x);
x-=fx/dfx;
if(Math.abs(fx)<tolerance)
{ return x; }
}
return x;
}

public double[] v_tp_braket(double t,double Pi,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=100;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=P(t,x1)-Pi;
	f2=P(t,x2)-Pi;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=P(t,(x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)))-Pi;
		else
			f2=P(t,(x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)))-Pi;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}

public double v_tp2(double t,double Pi)
{
//specific volume as a function of temperature and pressure	
	double T=t+273.15;
	double x=(T*rd.R/Pi+rd.b)/rd.M;
	double dx=1.5436543624e-3;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	double aa[]=v_tp_braket(t,Pi,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=P(t,a)-Pi,fb=P(t,b)-Pi,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("xxx Root must be bracketed in ZBRENT");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=P(t,b)-Pi;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}

public double[] v_th_braket(double t,double hi,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=100;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=h(t,x1)-hi;
	f2=h(t,x2)-hi;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=h(t,(x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)))-hi;
		else
			f2=h(t,(x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)))-hi;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}

public double v_th(double t,double hi)
{
//specific volume as a function of temperature and enthalpy	
	double T=t+273.15;
	double x=vg_app(t)+0.1;
	double dx=1.5436543624e-3;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	//find a bracket with the root
	double aa[]=v_th_braket(t,hi,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=h(t,a)-hi,fb=h(t,b)-hi,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("Root must be bracketed in ZBRENT");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=h(t,b)-hi;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}
public double[] v_tu_braket(double t,double ui,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=50;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=u(t,x1)-ui;
	f2=u(t,x2)-ui;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=u(t,(x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)))-ui;
		else
			f2=u(t,(x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)))-ui;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}


public double v_tu(double t,double ui)
{
//specific volume as a function of temperature and internal energy	
	double T=t+273.15;
	double x=vg_app(t)+0.1;
	double dx=1.5436543624e-3;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	//find a bracket with the root
	double aa[]=v_tu_braket(t,ui,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=u(t,a)-ui,fb=u(t,b)-ui,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("Root must be bracketed in ZBRENT");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=u(t,b)-ui;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}
public double[] v_ts_braket(double t,double si,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=50;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=s(t,x1)-si;
	f2=s(t,x2)-si;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=s(t,(x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)))-si;
		else
			f2=s(t,(x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)))-si;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}


public double v_ts(double t,double si)
{
//specific volume as a function of temperature and entropy	
	double T=t+273.15;
	double x=vg_app(t)+0.1;
	double dx=1.5436543624e-3;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	//find a bracket with the root
	double aa[]=v_ts_braket(t,si,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=s(t,a)-si,fb=s(t,b)-si,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("Root must be bracketed");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=s(t,b)-si;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}

public double v_tx(double t,double xi)
{
//specific volume as a function of temperature and quality	
return (1-xi)*vsl_t(t)+xi*vsg_t(t);
}

public double v_ph(double pi,double hi)
{
//specific volume as a function of pressure and enthalpy	
return v_tp(t_ph(pi,hi),pi);
}

public double v_pu(double pi,double ui)
{
//specific volume as a function of pressure and enthalpy	
return v_tp(t_pu(pi,ui),pi);
}

public double v_ps(double pi,double si)
{
//specific volume as a function of pressure and enthalpy	
return v_tp(t_ps(pi,si),pi);
}
// ======= t relations==========
public double t_pv(double Pi,double v)
{
// x in f(x)=0 given also df(x)/dx 
// Newton - Raphson type method 
double V=v*rd.M;
double x=(V-rd.b)*Pi/rd.R-273.15;
System.out.println("starting value ="+x);
int nmax=500;
double tolerance=1.0e-15;
double fx,dfx;
for(int i=0;i<nmax;i++)
{
fx=P(x,v)-Pi;
dfx=dPdT(x,v);
x-=fx/dfx;
if(Math.abs(fx)<tolerance)
{ return x; }
}
return x;
}

public double[] t_ph_braket(double pi,double hi,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=50;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=h(x1,v_tp(x1,pi))-hi;
	f2=h(x2,v_tp(x2,pi))-hi;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=h((x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)),v_tp(x1,pi))-hi;
		else
			f2=h((x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)),v_tp(x2,pi))-hi;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}


public double t_ph(double pi,double hi)
{
//specific volume as a function of pressure and enthalpy	
	double x=Ts(pi);
	double dx=2.3e-1;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	//find a bracket with the root
	double aa[]=t_ph_braket(pi,hi,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=h(a,v_tp(a,pi))-hi,fb=h(b,v_tp(b,pi))-hi,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("Root must be bracketed");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=h(b,v_tp(b,pi))-hi;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}

public double[] t_pu_braket(double pi,double ui,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=50;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=u(x1,v_tp(x1,pi))-ui;
	f2=u(x2,v_tp(x2,pi))-ui;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=u((x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)),v_tp(x1,pi))-ui;
		else
			f2=u((x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)),v_tp(x2,pi))-ui;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}


public double t_pu(double pi,double ui)
{
//specific volume as a function of pressure and enthalpy	
	double x=Ts(pi);
	double dx=2.3e-1;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	//find a bracket with the root
	double aa[]=t_pu_braket(pi,ui,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=u(a,v_tp(a,pi))-ui,fb=u(b,v_tp(b,pi))-ui,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("Root must be bracketed");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=u(b,v_tp(b,pi))-ui;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}

public double[] t_ps_braket(double pi,double si,double x1,double x2)
{
	//returns a bracketed root 
	//if a root is not bracketed, enlarge region outwards each time
	int NTRY=50;
	double a[]=new double[2];
	double FACTOR=1.343253;
	int j;
	double f1,f2;
	if (x1 == x2) System.out.println("Bad initial range in ZBRAC");
	f1=s(x1,v_tp(x1,pi))-si;
	f2=s(x2,v_tp(x2,pi))-si;
	for (j=1;j<=NTRY;j++) {
		if (f1*f2 < 0.0) {a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
		if (Math.abs(f1) < Math.abs(f2))
			f1=s((x1 += FACTOR*(x1-x2)),v_tp(x1,pi))-si;
		else
			f2=s((x2 += FACTOR*(x2-x1)),v_tp(x2,pi))-si;
	}
	{a[0]=x1;a[1]=x2;return a;}
}

public double t_ps(double pi,double si)
{
//specific volume as a function of pressure and enthalpy	
	double x=Ts(pi);
	double dx=2.3e-1;
	double x1=x-dx;
	double x2=x+dx;
	//find a bracket with the root
	double aa[]=t_ps_braket(pi,si,x1,x2);
	x1=aa[0];
	x2=aa[1];
	double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-8;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=s(a,v_tp(a,pi))-si,fb=s(b,v_tp(b,pi))-si,fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0) System.out.println("Root must be bracketed");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=s(b,v_tp(b,pi))-si;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in BRENT");
return b;
}


// ======= h relations =============

public double h1(double t, double v)
{
double T=t+273.15;
double V=v*rd.M;
double hh=0.0;
double J=1e3;
double gamma=rd.K*T/rd.Tc;
double expgamma=Math.exp(-gamma);
double ueuv=rd.u*Math.exp(rd.u*V);
double mult=1.0;
  for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
  {  mult*=(V-rd.b);
     hh+=J/(mult*i)*( rd.A[i] +(1.0+gamma)*expgamma*rd.C[i]);
  }
  if(rd.A[5]!=0)
    hh+=J*rd.A[5]/ueuv+J*P(t,v)*V;
  hh+=rd.G[0]*T+rd.G[1]*T*T/2.0+rd.G[2]*T*T*T/3.0+rd.G[3]*T*T*T*T/4.0
  -rd.G[4]/T+rd.G[5]*T*T*T*T*T/5+rd.X;
   return hh/rd.M;
}

public double h(double t, double v)
{
double h1=h1(t,v);
double x=x_tv(t,v);
if(x>1)
{
 h1=h1(t,v);
}
else if(x<0)
{
 double P=P(t,v);
 h1=hsl_t(t)+vsl_t(t)*(P(t,v)-Ps(t))*1.0e3;
}
else if(x==0)
{
 h1=hsl_t(t);
}
else if(x==1)
{
 h1=hsg_t(t);
}
else if(x>0 || x<1)
{	
 h1=hsl_t(t)*(1-x)+hsg_t(t)*x;
}
return h1;
}

// ======= u relations =============
public double u(double t, double v)
{return h(t,v)-1.0e3*P(t,v)*v;}

// ======= s relations =============
public double s1(double t, double v)
{
double T=t+273.15;
double V=v*rd.M;
double ss;
double J=1e3;
double gamma=rd.K*T/rd.Tc;
double expgamma=Math.exp(-gamma);
double ueuv=rd.u*Math.exp(rd.u*V);
double mult=1.0;
ss=J*rd.R*Math.log(V-rd.b);
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
  {
  mult*=(V-rd.b);
  ss+=J/(mult*i)*(rd.B[i]-rd.K/rd.Tc*expgamma*rd.C[i]);
  }
  if(rd.B[5]!=0)
    ss+=(-J)*rd.B[5]/ueuv;
  ss+=rd.G[0]*Math.log(T)+rd.G[1]*T+rd.G[2]*T*T/2.0+
  rd.G[3]*T*T*T/3.0+rd.G[4]/(2.0*T*T)+rd.G[5]*T*T*T*T/4.0+rd.Y;
  return ss/rd.M;
}

public double s(double t, double v)
{
double s1=s1(t,v);
double x=x_tv(t,v);
if(x>1)
{
 s1=s1(t,v);
}
else if(x<0)
{
 double P=P(t,v);
 s1=ssl_t(t)+vsl_t(t)*(P(t,v)-Ps(t))*1.0e3;
}
else if(x==0)
{
 s1=ssl_t(t);
}
else if(x==1)
{
 s1=ssg_t(t);
}
else if(x>0 || x<1)
{	
 s1=ssl_t(t)*(1-x)+ssg_t(t)*x;
}
return s1;
}

// ======= ideal gas relations =============
public double Cv(double t)
{//ideal gas heat capacity
double T=t+273.15;
double cv0=rd.G[0]+rd.G[1]*T+rd.G[2]*T*T+rd.G[3]*T*T*T+rd.G[4]/(T*T)+rd.G[5]*T*T*T*T;
return cv0; //KJ/kmol K
}

public double Cp(double t)
{//ideal gas heat capacity
double T=t+273.15;
return Cv(T)+8.31434;  //KJ/kmolK
}
// saturation state
//=========================================================
public String phase(double x)
{
//phase of the steam-water system
if( x==3)
  return "kritik üstü sıvı";
else
 {
 if(x<0)
   return "sıvı";
 else if( x==0.0)
   return "doymuş sıvı";
 else if(x==1.0)
   return "doymuş buhar";
 else if( x>0.0 && x<1.0)
   return "doymuş sıvı-buhar karışımı";
 else // (x>1)
   return "kızgın buhar";
 }
}
public String phase(double t, double v)
{
//phase of the vapour-liquid system
if( Ps(t) > rd.Pc)
  return "kritik üstü sıvı";
else
 {
 double ts=t;
 double vsl=vsl_t(ts);
 double vsg=vsg_t(ts);
 if(v<vsl)
   return "sıvı";
 else if(v==vsl)
   return "doymuş sıvı";
 else if(v==vsg)
   return "doymuş buhar";
 else if(v>vsl && v<vsg)
   return "doymuş sıvı-buhar karışımı";
 else // (v>vsg)
   return "kızgın buhar";
 }
}

public double x_tv(double t, double v)
{
//phase and/or quality of the steam-water system
double xx=0;
double p=P(t,v);
double Ts=Ts(p); 
if(t> rd.Tc)
  xx=3;
else if(t > Ts)
  xx=2;        
else if( t < Ts)
  xx=-1; 
else if( t==Ts)
 {  double vsl=vsl_t(t);
    double vsg=vsg_t(t);
    if(v==vsl)
       xx=0;
    else if(v==vsg)
       xx=1;
    else if(v>vsl && v<vsg)
       xx=(v-vsl)/(vsg-vsl);
 }
  return xx;  
}
public double x_pv(double p, double v)
{
//phase and/or quality of the steam-water system
double xx=0;
double t=t_pv(p,v);
double Ts=Ts(p); 
if(t > rd.Tc)
  xx=3;
else if(t > Ts)
  xx=2;        
else if( t < Ts)
  xx=-1; 
else if( t==Ts)
 {  double vsl=vsl_t(t);
    double vsg=vsg_t(t);
    if(v==vsl)
       xx=0;
    else if(v==vsg)
       xx=1;
    else if(v>vsl && v<vsg)
       xx=(v-vsl)/(vsg-vsl);
 }
  return xx;  
}

public double Ps(double t)
      {
      // saturation pressure as a function of saturation temperature
      double MM=rd.aVP[0][9];
      double T=t+273.16;           
      if( T >= rd.Tc) return rd.Pc; 
      double pi=0.0;
      if(t<=rd.th[0])
      {
      pi=rd.aVP[0][0]+rd.aVP[0][1]/T+rd.aVP[0][2]/(T*T)+rd.aVP[0][3]*Math.log10(T)+rd.aVP[0][4]*T
      +rd.aVP[0][5]*T*T+rd.aVP[0][6]*T*T*T;
      if(rd.aVP[0][8]!=0)
         pi+=(rd.aVP[0][7]*(rd.aVP[0][8]-T)/T)*Math.log10((rd.aVP[0][8]-T)*MM);
      }
      else if(t>rd.th[0] && t<= rd.th[1])
      {
      pi=rd.aVP[1][0]+rd.aVP[1][1]/T+rd.aVP[1][2]/(T*T)+rd.aVP[1][3]*Math.log10(T)+rd.aVP[1][4]*T+
      rd.aVP[1][5]*T*T+rd.aVP[1][6]*T*T*T;
         if(rd.aVP[1][8]!=0)
         pi+=(rd.aVP[1][7]*(rd.aVP[1][8]-T)/T)*Math.log10((rd.aVP[1][8]-T)*MM);
      }   
      else if(t>rd.th[1] && t<= rd.th[2])
     {
      pi=rd.aVP[2][0]+rd.aVP[2][1]/T+rd.aVP[2][2]/(T*T)+rd.aVP[2][3]*Math.log10(T)+rd.aVP[2][4]*T+
      rd.aVP[2][5]*T*T+rd.aVP[2][6]*T*T*T;
         if(rd.aVP[2][8]!=0)
         pi+=(rd.aVP[2][7]*(rd.aVP[2][8]-T)/T)*Math.log10((rd.aVP[2][8]-T)*MM);
      }   
      else if(t>rd.th[2] && t<= rd.th[3])
     {
      pi=rd.aVP[3][0]+rd.aVP[3][1]/T+rd.aVP[3][2]/(T*T)+rd.aVP[3][3]*Math.log10(T)+rd.aVP[3][4]*T+
      rd.aVP[3][5]*T*T+rd.aVP[3][6]*T*T*T;
         if(rd.aVP[3][8]!=0)
         pi+=(rd.aVP[3][7]*(rd.aVP[3][8]-T)/T)*Math.log10((rd.aVP[3][8]-T)*MM);
      }   
      else if(t>rd.th[3] && t<= rd.th[4])
     {
      pi=rd.aVP[4][0]+rd.aVP[4][1]/T+rd.aVP[4][2]/(T*T)+rd.aVP[4][3]*Math.log10(T)+rd.aVP[4][4]*T+
      rd.aVP[4][5]*T*T+rd.aVP[4][6]*T*T*T;
         if(rd.aVP[4][8]!=0)
         pi+=(rd.aVP[4][7]*(rd.aVP[4][8]-T)/T)*Math.log10((rd.aVP[4][8]-T)*MM);
      }   
      else if(t> rd.th[4])
     {
      pi=rd.aVP[5][0]+rd.aVP[5][1]/T+rd.aVP[5][2]/(T*T)+rd.aVP[5][3]*Math.log10(T)+rd.aVP[5][4]*T+
      rd.aVP[5][5]*T*T+rd.aVP[5][6]*T*T*T;
         if(rd.aVP[5][8]!=0)
         pi+=(rd.aVP[5][7]*(rd.aVP[5][8]-T)/T)*Math.log10((rd.aVP[5][8]-T)*MM);
      }   
      //System.out.println("pi="+pi);
      pi=Math.pow(10.0,pi);
      //System.out.println("pi="+pi);
      if(rd.refrigerantName=="R123" || rd.refrigerantName=="R134a") pi*=1e-3; 
      return pi; //MPa
      }

public double Ts(double Pi)
{
// x in f(x)=0 given also df(x)/dx 
// Newton - Raphson type method 
if( Pi >= rd.Pc) return rd.Tc;
double x=Ts1(Pi);
//double x=(rd.Tc-273.15);
int nmax=500;
double tolerance=1.0e-15;
double fx,dfx;
for(int i=0;i<nmax;i++)
{
fx=Ps(x)-Pi;
dfx=dPsdT(x);
//System.out.println("x="+x+"fx="+fx+"dfx="+dfx+"dfx1="+dfx1);
x-=fx/dfx;
if(Math.abs(fx)<tolerance)
{ return x; }
}
return x;
}

public  double dPsdT1(double x)
{
// numeric dP/dv
double h0=0.0256;
int i,m;
int n=7;
//derivative of a simple function
double T[][];
T=new double[n][n];
double h[];
h=new double[n];
//vector<double> h(n,0);
for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
  h[i]=0;
  for(int j=0;j<n;j++)
    T[i][j]=0;
}
h[0]=h0;
double r=0.5;
for( i=1;i<n;i++)
{
h[i]=h0*Math.pow(r,i);
}

for(i=0;i<n;i++)
{
T[i][0]=( Ps(x + h[i]) - Ps(x - h[i]))/(2.0*h[i]);
}
for(m=1;m<n;m++)
{
  for(i=0;i<n-m;i++)
  {
  T[i][m]=(h[i]*h[i]*T[i+1][m-1] - h[i+m]*h[i+m]*T[i][m-1])/
          (h[i]*h[i]- h[i+m]*h[i+m]);
  }
}
double xx=T[0][n-1];
return xx;
}

public double Ts1(double Pi)
{
    // utilises brent algorithms and bracketing 
    // techniques to find the root
    double x1,x2,xl,xg;
	x1=-200;
	x2=rd.Tc-273.15;
	double aa[]=new double[2];
    double ITMAX=100;
    double EPS=3.0e-3;
	int iter;
	double a=x1,b=x2,c,d,e,min1,min2;
	double tol=1.0e-5;
	c=0;
	d=0;
	e=0;
	double fa=Ps(a)-Pi;
	double fb=Ps(b)-Pi;
	double fc,p,q,r,s,tol1,xm;
	if (fb*fa > 0.0)  System.out.println("Root must be bracketed in ZBRENT");
	fc=fb;
	for (iter=1;iter<=ITMAX;iter++) {
		if (fb*fc > 0.0) {
			c=a;
			fc=fa;
			e=d=b-a;
		}
		if (Math.abs(fc) < Math.abs(fb)) {
			a=b;
			b=c;
			c=a;
			fa=fb;
			fb=fc;
			fc=fa;
		}
		tol1=2.0*EPS*Math.abs(b)+0.5*tol;
		xm=0.5*(c-b);
		if (Math.abs(xm) <= tol1 || fb == 0.0) return b;
		if (Math.abs(e) >= tol1 && Math.abs(fa) > Math.abs(fb)) {
			s=fb/fa;
			if (a == c) {
				p=2.0*xm*s;
				q=1.0-s;
			} else {
				q=fa/fc;
				r=fb/fc;
				p=s*(2.0*xm*q*(q-r)-(b-a)*(r-1.0));
				q=(q-1.0)*(r-1.0)*(s-1.0);
			}
			if (p > 0.0)  q = -q;
			p=Math.abs(p);
			min1=3.0*xm*q-Math.abs(tol1*q);
			min2=Math.abs(e*q);
			if (2.0*p < (min1 < min2 ? min1 : min2)) {
				e=d;
				d=p/q;
			} else {
				d=xm;
				e=d;
			}
		} else {
			d=xm;
			e=d;
		}
		a=b;
		fa=fb;
		if (Math.abs(d) > tol1)
			b += d;
		else
			b += (xm > 0.0 ? Math.abs(tol1) : -Math.abs(tol1));
		fb=Ps(b)-Pi;
	}
	System.out.println("Maximum number of iterations exceeded in algorithm, root might not be valid");
return b;
}

public double dPsdT(double t)
{
//derivative of saturation pressure as a function of saturation temperature
double MM=rd.aVP[0][9];
double T=t+273.15;
double log10=Math.log(10);
double pi=0.0;
if(t<=rd.th[0])
{
pi=(-rd.aVP[0][1]/(T*T)-2.0*rd.aVP[0][2]/(T*T*T)+rd.aVP[0][4]+2.0*rd.aVP[0][5]*T+3.0*rd.aVP[0][6]*T*T)*Math.log(10.0)
+rd.aVP[0][3]/T;
if(rd.aVP[0][7]!=0.0)
{
pi+=rd.aVP[0][7]*(-1.0/T-(rd.aVP[0][8]-T)/(T*T))*Math.log((rd.aVP[0][8]-T)*MM)+
(rd.aVP[0][7]*(rd.aVP[0][8]-T)/T)*(-1.0/(rd.aVP[0][8]-T));
}
}
else if(t>rd.th[0] && t<= rd.th[1])
{
pi=(-rd.aVP[1][1]/(T*T)-2.0*rd.aVP[1][2]/(T*T*T)+rd.aVP[1][4]+2.0*rd.aVP[1][5]*T+3.0*rd.aVP[1][6]*T*T)*Math.log(10.0)
+rd.aVP[1][3]/T;
if(rd.aVP[1][7]!=0.0)
{
pi+=rd.aVP[1][7]*(-1.0/T-(rd.aVP[1][8]-T)/(T*T))*Math.log((rd.aVP[1][8]-T)*MM)+
(rd.aVP[1][7]*(rd.aVP[1][8]-T)/T)*(-1.0/(rd.aVP[1][8]-T));
}
}
else if(t>rd.th[1] && t<= rd.th[2])
{
pi=(-rd.aVP[2][1]/(T*T)-2.0*rd.aVP[2][2]/(T*T*T)+rd.aVP[2][4]+2.0*rd.aVP[2][5]*T+3.0*rd.aVP[2][6]*T*T)*Math.log(10.0)
+rd.aVP[2][3]/T;
if(rd.aVP[2][7]!=0.0)
{
pi+=rd.aVP[2][7]*(-1.0/T-(rd.aVP[2][8]-T)/(T*T))*Math.log((rd.aVP[2][8]-T)*MM)+
(rd.aVP[2][7]*(rd.aVP[2][8]-T)/T)*(-1.0/(rd.aVP[2][8]-T));
}
}
else if(t>rd.th[2] && t<= rd.th[3])
{
pi=(-rd.aVP[3][1]/(T*T)-2.0*rd.aVP[3][2]/(T*T*T)+rd.aVP[3][4]+2.0*rd.aVP[3][5]*T+3.0*rd.aVP[3][6]*T*T)*Math.log(10.0)
+rd.aVP[3][3]/T;
if(rd.aVP[3][7]!=0.0)
{
pi+=rd.aVP[3][7]*(-1.0/T-(rd.aVP[3][8]-T)/(T*T))*Math.log((rd.aVP[3][8]-T)*MM)+
(rd.aVP[3][7]*(rd.aVP[3][8]-T)/T)*(-1.0/(rd.aVP[3][8]-T));
}
}
else if(t>rd.th[3] && t<= rd.th[4])
{
pi=(-rd.aVP[4][1]/(T*T)-2.0*rd.aVP[4][2]/(T*T*T)+rd.aVP[4][4]+2.0*rd.aVP[4][5]*T+3.0*rd.aVP[4][6]*T*T)*Math.log(10.0)
+rd.aVP[4][3]/T;
if(rd.aVP[4][7]!=0.0)
{
pi+=rd.aVP[4][7]*(-1.0/T-(rd.aVP[4][8]-T)/(T*T))*Math.log((rd.aVP[4][8]-T)*MM)+
(rd.aVP[4][7]*(rd.aVP[4][8]-T)/T)*(-1.0/(rd.aVP[4][8]-T));
}
}
else if(t> rd.th[4])      
{
pi=(-rd.aVP[5][1]/(T*T)-2.0*rd.aVP[5][2]/(T*T*T)+rd.aVP[5][4]+2.0*rd.aVP[5][5]*T+3.0*rd.aVP[5][6]*T*T)*Math.log(10.0)
+rd.aVP[5][3]/T;
if(rd.aVP[5][7]!=0.0)
{
pi+=rd.aVP[5][7]*(-1.0/T-(rd.aVP[5][8]-T)/(T*T))*Math.log((rd.aVP[5][8]-T)*MM)+
(rd.aVP[5][7]*(rd.aVP[5][8]-T)/T)*(-1.0/(rd.aVP[5][8]-T));
}
}         
pi*=Ps(t);
return pi; //MPa
}

public double rol(double t)
{//saturated liquid density

double T=t+273.15;
if( T >= rd.Tc) return rd.M/rd.Vc;
double roli=0;
if(rd.refrigerantName.equals("R11")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R14")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R22")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R23")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R113")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R115")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("RC318") ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R500")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R502")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R123")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R134a")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R503"))
{
roli=rd.E[0];
double to=(rd.Tc-T)/rd.Tc;
for(int i=1;i<5;i++)
{roli+=rd.E[i]*Math.pow(to,((double)i/3.0));}
}
else if (rd.refrigerantName.equals("R12") ||
         rd.refrigerantName.equals("R13") ||
         rd.refrigerantName.equals("R13B1"))
{ double to=(rd.Tc-T);
  roli=rd.E[0]+rd.E[1]*to+rd.E[2]*Math.sqrt(to)+rd.E[3]*Math.pow(to,(1.0/3.0))+
  rd.E[4]*to*to;
}
else if (rd.refrigerantName.equals("R21"))
{
roli=rd.E[0]+rd.E[1]*T+rd.E[2]*T*T;
}
return roli*rd.M;
}

public double rog_app(double t)
{
if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return rd.M/rd.Vc;
//saturated vapor density (approximation)
double T=t+273.15;
double roc=1.0/rd.Vc;
double to=(rd.Tc-T)/rd.Tc;
double ro=0;
if(rd.refrigerantName.equals("R11")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R14")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R22")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R23")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R113")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R115")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("RC318") ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R500")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R502")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R503")  ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R12")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R13")   ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R13B1") ||
   rd.refrigerantName.equals("R21"))
{
ro=rd.F[24]*Math.log(T/rd.Tc);
for(int i=-10;i<14;i++)
{  ro+=rd.F[i+10]*Math.pow(to,(double)(i/3.0)); }
ro=Math.exp(ro)/rd.Vc*rd.M;
}
else if(rd.refrigerantName.equals("R123") ||
        rd.refrigerantName.equals("R134a"))
{
ro=rd.F[0];
double car=t;	
for(int i=1;i<25;i++)
{  ro+=rd.F[i]*car;car*=t;}
ro=Math.pow(10,ro);
}
return ro;
}

public double vg_app(double t)
{
//saturated vapor specific volume (approximation)	
return 1.0/rog_app(t);
}
public double rog(double t) {return 1.0/vsg_t(t);}

public double vsg_t(double t)
{
if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return rd.Vc/rd.M;
// x in f(x)=0 given also df(x)/dx 
// Newton - Raphson type method 
//return v_tp(t,Ps(t));
double Pi=Ps(t);
double T=t+273.15;
double x=x=vg_app(t);
int nmax=100;
double tolerance=1.0e-2;
double fx,dfx;
for(int i=0;i<nmax;i++)
{
double pp=P(t,x);	
fx=P(t,x)-Pi;
dfx=dPdV(t,x);
//System.out.println("pp="+pp+"pi="+Pi+"fx="+fx+"dfx="+dfx);
x-=fx/dfx;
if(Math.abs(fx)<tolerance)
{ return x; }
}
return x;

}

public double vsg_p(double p)
{return vsg_t(Ts(p));}

public double vg1(double t)
{
if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return rd.M/rd.Vc;
double Pi=Ps(t);
double x=vg_app(t);
int nmax=100;
double dx=1.0e-2;
double dx1=1.9565e-2;
double x1m;
double tolerance=1.0e-8;
double fx,fxm,fxm1,dfx,dfxm,d2fx;
for(int i=0;i<nmax;i++)
{
fx=P(t,x)-Pi;
fxm=P(t,(x-dx))-Pi;
fxm1=P(t,(x-dx1))-Pi;
dfx=(fx-fxm)/dx;
dfxm=(fx-fxm1)/dx1;
d2fx=-6.0/dx/dx*(fx-fxm)+2.0/dx*(2.0*dfx+dfxm);
x-=(fx/dfx+.5*fx*fx/(dfx*dfx*dfx)*d2fx);
if(Math.abs(fx)<tolerance)
{
return x;
}
}
return x;
}

public double vsl_t(double t)
{ 	return 1.0/rol(t);}

public double hslg_t1(double t)
{   if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return 0.0;
	return 1e3*(t+273.13)*dPsdT1(t)*(vsg_t(t)-vsl_t(t));}
	
public double hslg_t(double t)
{   if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return 0.0;
	return 1e3*(t+273.13)*dPsdT(t)*(vsg_t(t)-vsl_t(t));}

public double hsl_t(double t)
{   if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return hsg_t(rd.Tc-273.15);
	return hsg_t(t)-hslg_t(t);}

public double hsg_t(double t)
{if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc){t=rd.Tc-273.15;};return h1(t,vsg_t(t));}

public double ssg_t(double t)
{if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc){t=rd.Tc-273.15;}
 return s1(t,vsg_t(t));}

public double ssl_t(double t)
{ if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return ssg_t(rd.Tc-273.15);
  return ssg_t(t)-sslg_t(t);}

public double sslg_t(double t)
{if( (t+273.15) >= rd.Tc) return 0.0;
 return hslg_t(t)/(t+273.15);}
//==========toString output methods
public String[][] toString(String s, double v1, double v2)
{
  String s1[][]=new String[9][3];
   s1[0][0]="P, basınç        ";
   s1[1][0]="T, sıcaklık      ";
   s1[2][0]="v, özgül hacim   ";
   s1[3][0]="h, entalpi       ";
   s1[4][0]="u, iç enerji     ";
   s1[5][0]="s, entropi       ";
   s1[6][0]="x, kuruluk derec.";
   s1[7][0]="   yoğunluk";
   s1[8][0]="faz              ";
   if(unit.equals("SI"))
   {
   s1[0][2]=" MPa           ";
   s1[1][2]=" derece C      ";
   s1[2][2]=" m^3/kg        ";
   s1[3][2]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s1[4][2]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s1[5][2]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s1[6][2]=" kg buh/kg kar ";
   s1[7][2]=" kg/m^3        ";
   s1[8][2]=" ";
   }
   else
   {
   s1[0][2]=" lbf/in^2       ";
   s1[1][2]=" derece F          ";
   s1[2][2]=" ft^3/lbm       ";
   s1[3][2]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s1[4][2]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s1[5][2]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s1[6][2]=" lbm vap/lbm mix";
   s1[7][2]=" lbm/ft^3        ";
   s1[8][2]=" ";
   }
double pp[]=property(s,v1,v2);
for(int i=0;i<7;i++)
   {s1[i][1]=""+pp[i];}
    s1[7][1]=""+pp[7];
    s1[8][1]=phase(pp[6]);
return s1;
}

public String toString1(String s, double v1, double v2)
{
   String[] s1=new String[7];
   String[] s2=new String[7];
   String s3="";
   double pp[];
   s1[0]="P :";
   s1[1]="T :";
   s1[2]="v :";
   s1[3]="h :";
   s1[4]="u :";
   s1[5]="s :";
   s1[6]="x :";
   s1[7]="  :";
   if(unit.equals("SI"))
   {
   s2[0]=" MPa           ";
   s2[1]=" derece C      ";
   s2[2]=" m^3/kg        ";
   s2[3]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s2[4]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s2[5]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s2[6]=" kg buh/kg kar ";
   s2[7]=" kg/m^3        ";
   }
   else
   {
   s2[0]=" lbf/in^2       ";
   s2[1]=" derece F       ";
   s2[2]=" ft^3/lbm       ";
   s2[3]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s2[4]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s2[5]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s2[6]=" lbm buh/lbm kar";
   s2[7]=" lbm/ft^3        ";
   }
pp=property(s,v1,v2);
s3+=phase(pp[6])+"\n";

for(int i=1;i<9;i++)
{
s3+=s1[i-1]+s2[i-1]+pp[i-1]+"\n";
}
return s3;
}

public String toString()
{
   String[] s1=new String[7];
   String[] s2=new String[7];
   String s3="";
   double pp[];
   s1[0]="P :";
   s1[1]="T :";
   s1[2]="v :";
   s1[3]="h :";
   s1[4]="u :";
   s1[5]="s :";
   s1[6]="x :";
   s1[7]="  :"; 
   if(unit.equals("SI"))
   {
   s2[0]=" MPa           ";
   s2[1]=" derece C      ";
   s2[2]=" m^3/kg        ";
   s2[3]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s2[4]=" KJ/kg         ";
   s2[5]=" KJ/kg K       ";
   s2[6]=" kg buh/kg kar ";
   s2[7]=" kg/m^3        ";
   }
   else
   {
   s2[0]=" lbf/in^2       ";
   s2[1]=" derece F       ";
   s2[2]=" ft^3/lbm       ";
   s2[3]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s2[4]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s2[5]=" BTU/lbm        ";
   s2[6]=" lbm buh/lbm kar";
   s2[7]=" lbm/ft^3       ";
   }
for(int i=0;i<8;i++)
{
s3+=s1[i]+s2[i]+"\n";
}
return s3;
}

void setUnit(String x)
{
//sets SI or English units
if(x.equals("EN")) unit=u[1];
else unit=u[0];
}

void setUnit(boolean x)
{
//sets SI or English units
if(x) unit=u[0];else unit=u[1];
}


//========== reading refrigerant data =============
public String readsogut(String rName)
{
String s="";
Vector gi=new Vector();

rd=new sogutData("R22","chlorodifluoromethane",
0.83136998378e-2,0.10796166646e-1,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
-0.87466122549,0.87054394311e-3,-0.88533742184e1,
-0.18939998642e-1,0.14890632572e-3,0.16091656668e1,
0.13524290185e-1,-0.37996244181e-4,0.0,
-0.11768746066e-2,0.30463870398e-5,-0.58307411777e-2,
0.94001896962e6,-0.20757984460e4,0.0,
4.2,0.10155456431e3,0.0,
0.10183212e2,
0.14697171,
-0.76354723e-4,
0.0,
0.28754121e5,
0.0,
0.6068821e1,
0.1012108e2,
0.6807772e1,
-0.4129719e1,
0.3792696e1,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
-0.1680024749e-4,
0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.1344723347,
-2.845461973,
0.0,
0.1292966614e3,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.3106835616e4,
-0.1189422522e5,
0.1914759823e5,
-0.1472081631e5,
0.4527640563e4,
0.1306817379e3,
4.9738,
0.16478,
369.3,
86.469,
43.89492179,
25987.99442);
rd.vapor_pressure_in(0.25189356867e2,-0.21362184178e4,0.0,-0.786103122e1,0.39436902792e-2,0.0,0.0,0.445746703,0.38116666667e3,1.8,-100.0,5000.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0);
try{gi.addElement(rd);} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) 
   {System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception");}

rd=new sogutData("R11","trichlorofluoromethane",
0.8313872350E-2,0.016293695213,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
-1.5854182468,0.12033990344E-2,-0.18137117326E2,
-0.11018923801,0.38128675715E-3,0.53064721135,
0.62916970767E-1,-0.12115631254E-3,0.0,
-0.75433187405E-2,0.14092403685E-4,-0.47275179917E-1,
0.72912080022E6,-0.11755372249E4,0.0,
4.5,0.67633522389E2,0.0,
0.13696611E2,
0.28974134,
-0.39573791E-3,
0.201214393E-6,
-0.59785885E5,
0.0,
0.4031191E1,
0.6721152E1,
0.5087930E1,
-0.4993635E1,
0.4280343e1,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.9942544492E-1,
-0.2572554190E1,
0.0,
0.1570757079E3,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.4620947001E4,
-0.1836604928E5,
0.3035571474E5,
-0.2376533921E5,
0.7375197366E4,
0.1589031280E3,
4.409,
0.24807,
471.15,
137.368,
56.54187972,
38946.84794);
rd.vapor_pressure_in(0.3670632323807E2,-0.24135243372E4,0.0,-0.1284596753E2,0.72150705126E-2,0.0,0.0,0.313605456E-1,0.47892777778E3,1.8,-100.0,5000.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0);
try{gi.addElement(rd);} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) 
   {System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception");}

rd=new sogutData("R12","dichlorofluoromethane",
0.83125649389e-2,0.49135481533e-1,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
-0.13395136078e1,0.11274135791e-2,-0.22299291397,
0.17863374156,-0.10032859301e-3,3.8888160253,
-0.12282924701e-1,0.0,0.0,
0.0,0.10549905738e-5,-0.42982705642e-2,
0.0,0.0,0.0,
5.475,0.0,0.0,
0.40977135e1,
0.30312884,
-0.39592701e-3,
0.19850565e-6,
0.0,
0.0,
0.4615546e1,
0.642891e-2,
0.1483975,
0.971236,
-0.2813812e-5,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.788904825e-5,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
-0.1900330949,
0.0,
-0.5947813469e1,
0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
-0.5126536438e3,
0.1142994928e4,
-0.6905751515e3,
0.0,
4.115,
0.21664,
385.20,
120.914,
81.80922681,
33333.83475);
rd.vapor_pressure_in(0.34538698004e2,-0.19092401267e4,0.0,-0.12471522280e2,0.85147963956e-2,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,-100.0,5000.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0);
try{gi.addElement(rd);} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) 
   {System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception");}
   
rd=new sogutData("R13","chlorotrifluoromethane",
0.83138812797E-2,0.031301579202,
0.0, 0.0, 0.0,
-0.90406520430,0.12358629869E-2,-5.3399902818,
0.11253004389,-0.19518443376e-3,1.0935953179,
-0.12793538941E-1,0.30044603048e-4,0.0,
0.43018124884e-3,-0.10823300797e-5,-0.31501284441e-2,
0.50873485733e6,-0.92279227172E3,0.0,
4.0,0.95841809789E2,0.0,

7.0062248,
0.22223115,
-0.16422906E-3,
0.0,
0.0,
0.0,

0.5531217E1,
0.4322542E-2,
0.2283675,
0.1243271E1,
0.1612259e-4,

0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
-0.2381453804,0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.1777609725e3,
-0.2617659684e3,
0.1655938088e3,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,
0.5243578048e2,

3.870,
0.18079,
302.0,
104.459,
43.10098007,
21394.66938);
rd.vapor_pressure_in(0.21975590251e2,-0.15052990094e4,0.0,-7.1723439130,0.4581277164E-2,0.0,0.0,0.28030109130,0.30333333333E3,1.8,-100.0,5000.0,
                         0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0,
                         0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,1.8,0.0,0.0);
try{gi.addElement(rd);} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) 
   {System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception");}

rd=new sogutData("R123","2,2 dichloro-1,1,1-triflouroethane",
0.8314E-2,7.0777533E-02,
0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00,0.000000000E+00,
-2.70696499E-02,3.64704864E-05,-1.75254874E+02,
 1.30489159E-02,-2.40926738E-05,-1.06084308E+02,
-3.24678126E-03,6.99425104E-06,-2.15029001E+03,
 2.28311768E-04,-5.66655061E-07,6.07633096E+02,
0.00000000E+00,0.00000000E+00,0.00000000E+00,

17.5,
0.0,
0.0,

-8.1715010E+02,5.0093292E-01,-7.1726999E-04,2.7200757E-07,7.8423223E+06,0.0000000E+00,

3.0362637E+00,1.0632217E+01,-8.7199568E+00,1.2987262E+01,-4.6900085E+00,

0.3544910798955243,
0.018800644645580178,
-9.474122987285227E-5,
-6.301459736235415E-7,
2.7537149782652648E-8,
4.446350969702917E-10,
-1.4590014038497884E-11,
-4.3249586143066353E-14,
3.153344585869799E-15,
-1.0385700095314654E-17,
-2.8067828083222693E-19,
2.278301367490399E-21,
3.758955123669011E-24,
-1.0797607942589854E-25,
4.532330178949099E-28,
-6.2763170167327985E-31,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,
0.0000000E+00,

3.6680000E+00,
0.27805454545454,
456.83,
152.93,
4.64005098E+03,
2.96336784E+05);
rd.vapor_pressure_in(1658.695405450931,-2483856.580538052600,-2.101805152254,18.033121525459,-0.088609090559,-0.000007971647,-0.000000079758,461.119202148665,1670.294704674823,1.0,-100.0,-50.0,
1656.338125951897,-2480583.209380854000,-0.001172796865,17.925084650340,-0.088692876569,-0.000000000058,-0.000000000035,461.785925991842,1666.666926993161,1.0,-50.0   ,0.0,
1656.344035650972,-2480575.541480165000, 0.000117880595,17.927174613479,-0.088688920001,-0.000000001516,-0.000000000208,461.782662717192,1666.669549145737,1.0,  0.0   ,50.0,
1656.321518615394,-2480614.220769612600,-0.002050325658,17.924621732037,-0.088686944053,-0.000000000068, 0.000000000125,461.787616118262,1666.683728384168,1.0, 50.0,  100.0,
1656.367348347346,-2480577.740957461300,-0.001676458222,17.925265842914,-0.088686418576,-0.000000000308,-0.000000000111,461.787092935390,1666.654666564091,1.0,100.0,  170.0,
1656.333544001960,-2480584.630558614600, 0.000369694724,17.925305616845,-0.088685075172, 0.000000000386, 0.000000000157,461.785793654575,1666.664478260489,1.0,170.0,  184.0);
try{gi.addElement(rd);} catch(ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) 
   {System.out.println("Array Index Out Of Bounds Exception");}  
int i;
Enumeration n1=gi.elements();
while(n1.hasMoreElements())
{
   rd=(sogutData)n1.nextElement();
   s+=rd.refrigerantName+" ";
   if (rd.refrigerantName.equals(rName)) {break;}
}
return s;
}
}